COMMUNITY WHO CONSPIRED TO TRY AND KILL STEAL AND DESTROY

 I HAVE BEEN TARGETED BY A VISCIOUS GREEDY EVIL GROUP OF THIEVES WHO AFTER COMPLETELY STALKING ME AND INVADING MY PRIVACY AS A WOMAN WHO DID NOT HAVE ANY RELATIONSHIP TO THESE THIEVES SO THEY GREW TO EVENTUALLY INCLUDE MY EX AS THEY WERE AN EXTREMELY VISCIOUS AND RUTHLESS CREW - THEY HAD LOOKED AT MY AKASIC CHART AND HAD BECOME OVERWHELMED WITH JEALOUSY SO MUCH THAT THEY EVENTUALLY PAID SOMEONE TO CHANGE MY BIRTHRIGHT TO THEIR OWN AND THEN BEGAN TRYING TO LIVE A LIFE THAT WAS NOT MEANT FOR ANYONE ELSE BUT THE ONE WHO IT WAS GIVEN TO AT BIRTH -WHICH WAS ME - THEY EMBEZZLED MY INHERITANCE BY REPLACING ME ON PAPER AND  IN THE LIFE OF MY LIFE -PARTNER *NOTE THIS IS NOTED IN BOTH OF OUR CHARTS- SO THIS IS PROOF THAT THESE WHOLE HATE-CRIME CRIMINAL ACTIONS STEM MOSTLY DUE TO OUR BIRTHRIGHT OR OUR FAITH - AND THIS IS AN ALL OUT ATTACK FROM A GROUP OF MOSTLY SANTANIST'S WHO AGGRESSIVELY STALKED ME , BLOCKED ME FROM BEING ABLE TO LIVE THE SAME LIFE THAT ANY OTHER HERE IN THE US LIVES  , IN FACT I HAVE COME TO KNOW THAT MOST PEOPLE HAVE KNOWN MY BIRTHRIGHT LONG BEFORE I DID AND THE REASON WHY ALL OF MY LIFE I HAVE HAD TO STRUGGLE AND IT SEEMED THAT I WAS CONSTANTLY HAVING OBTICALS THROWN IN MY WAY IT WAS BECAUSE THERE WERE IN FACT  OBTICALS BEING THROWN IN MY PATH , BECAUSE THEY KNEW THAT I HAD A GREAT CALLING AND THEY DID NOT WANT ME TO KNOW OF MY LIGHT - INSTEAD KEEPING ME HELD DOWN SO THAT I WOULD HOPEFULLY NEVER DISCOVER ANY OF MY GIFTS AND I WOULD NEVER BE THE LIGHT IN SUCH A DARK CITY - LONG STORY SHORT WHICH IT NEVER HAS BEEN , I AM NOW IN WHAT HAS EXPOSED AS ONE OF THE MOST DEMONIC PLOTS AGAINST A PERSON or a people WHO NEVER DID ANYTHING AGAINST THESE EVIL-CONSPIRITORS -AND THEY BRAZENLY FELT AS IF BECAUSE THERE WERE SO MANY OF THEM AGAINST  1- NOW ELDERLY -VUNERABLE WOMAN THAT THEY SURELY WOULD BE SUCCESSFUL AND BE ABLE TO NOT ONLY STEAL MY WEALTH  FROM ME BUT ALSO STEAL MY HEALTH MY MAN MY ESSENCE , MY MANNERISMS , MY ENERGY , MY CHARACTER AND MY BIRTH-RIGHT AND ALL OF THE GIFTS AND MY LIFE PATH  THAT WERE GIVEN TO ME EVEN BEFORE BIRTH-  THESE CONS ARE HOWEVER IN MUCH HOT WATER NOW , AS THEIR PLOT HAS BEEN EXPOSED AND DISMANTLED ! THE DECIET IS OVER AND charges will be filed !


 THERE IS SO MUCH THAT I HAVE TO BE GRATEFUL FOR BUT THE FIRST IS MY RELATIONSHIP WITH THE FATHER AND BEING HUMBLE ENOUGH TO KNOW WHO I AM AND WHY I AM HERE KNOWING THAT I AM NOT PERFECT BUT I AM A WORK IN PROGRESS , A PROGRESS THAT NO  OTHER PERSON HAS ANY RIGHT TO INTERFERE IN OR WITH THEY HAVE NO RIGHT TO SWITCH PATHS WITH ME TO MAKE UP FALSE CLAIMS TO DEMINISH MY LIGHT FROM SHINING NO RIGHT TO STEAL FROM ME NO RIGHT TO STALK ME , MOCK ME OR COCK-BLOCK ME  FROM MY LIFE PARTNER BECAUSE WHAT THE MOST HIGH HAS PLACED HERE TO CARRY OUT A  spiritual -MISSION LET NO MAN-OR WOMAN PUT US- UNDER -NO WEAPON FORMED AGAINST HIS CHOSEN SHALL PROSPER - AND IF YOU HAVE A PROBLEM WITH THAT INSTEAD OF TRYING TO TAKE IT OUT ON ME TRY TAKING YOUR COMPLAINT TO THE MOST HIGH GOD - ASK HIM WHY NOT YOU ? ASK HIM WHY HE CHOSE ME INSTEAD OF YOU OKAY ONLY HE CAN ANSWER THE QUESTIONS THAT SEEM TO HAVE ENRAGED YOU TO THE DEGREE THAT YOU'D ACTUALLY COME AFTER A PERSON WHO HAS NOT DONE ANYTHING TO MAKE YOU COME TO KILL STEAL AND DESTROY HER LIFE -  IF YOU WANT TO LIVE A BETTER LIFE START HELPING OTHERS RATHER THAN HURTING THEM- THE MOST HIGH RECOGNIZES THE GOOD THAT WE DO AS WELL AS THE BAD - ALWAYS TRY AND DO GOOD BY ALL -INSTEAD OF PLOTTING ON AND INTENTIONALLY DOING BAD UPON THEM THIS IS WHAT WILL GET YOU INTO THE LAKE OF FIRE - js - every body has choices-make the right choice - I choose to be a light in a much too dark city 💓 

"IF GOD HIRED ME WHO 'S GOING TO FIRE ME " #SO2Magi'sGottheT-Tarot 

ALWAYS


FOR THOSE WHO HAVE CHOSEN TO TRY AND PLAY GAMES - GAME ON ....I'M RAISING THE BET AND CALLING YOUR HAND  ! 

TRUST AND BELIEVE YOU WON'T WIN THIS ONE - I've LEARNED THE GAME AND MASTERED IT ! #YOUlose 


 

know your circle













 

INSPIRE




 

ATTENTION LAW ENFORCEMENT - RE-ILLEGAL ASSAULTS AGAINST MY FREE-WILL BY WITCH -COVEN

 ATTENTION : note THE racist Coven Practitioners are so criminal in their intent : They are the one's who have committed the crimes against me with the theft of my inheritance which was rightfully mine  and then the organized gang style stalking and the witchcraft Black magic that they refused to cease even though I have free will to be free from their Satanic influences which they refused to stop and instead tried to inflict their own wickedness upon me so my natural good energy which they regulary stole and harvested as their own good energy ..... which I can honestly say that these low level witches are no where near my level . so..... anyway here they are now standing directly above my head in what should be the privacy of my own bed and they are plotting like they're in the Mafia and I'm jimmy Hoffa ......  trying to figure out ways to make me look like I am as rude angry and conniving as they all are . And the illegal part is that we are in an open civil case yet they are here where I reside still inflicting dark black magic spells on me in an attempt to mess with my livelihood, with my creativity with my money my health etc ...WHO DOES THAT ? And it's proof that they are not to be trusted as they are nothing more than a bunch of "Karen's" who hate the fact that I exist , as I do not know these witches yet they hate my guts because they can not be me ! So they tried to steal what was mine and thought they'd get away with it but they didn't and now they have to pay for the damages that they willfully caused ! CONTINUING TO INFLICT DAMAGES AGAINST ME YET WE ARE IN A LEGAL BATTLE SO BY LAW WHAT THEY ARE DOING IS IN FACT ILLEGAL AND CONSTITUTES WITTNESS HARASSMENT WITTNESS TAMPERING AND ABUSE OF AN ELDERLY VUNERABLE DISABLED WOMAN- WHAT MORE NEEDS TO BE SAID ! THEY'VE ALREADY LOST BY DEFAULT SINCE THEY HAVE COMMITTED PERJURY BY LYING ABOUT ME IN THE FIRST PLACE - I AM A MODEST WOMAN WHO STAYS TO HERSELF AND RARELY IF EVER GO OUT , YET THESE LIARS ARE TRYING TO SAY SOMETHING ELSE ..... WHAT A CROCK OF CRAP THESE RACIST - LOW- LIFE- CONS ARE - IF I REMEMBER RIGHT I'M PRETTY SURE THAT THEY'VE ALL HOPPED ON MY MAN'S WAND ... AND ARE SWINGERS  AND SATANISTS ...SO HOW CAN ANY  OF THESE TRAMPS SAY ANYTHING TO THE EX - OF THE MAN WHO THEY ALL FEEL THEY HAVE TO HAVE IN THEIR LIVES JUST TO TAKE FROM HIM AND TO RECIEVE SEXUAL PLEASURE FROM ...... I THINK THIS WILL BE A RATHER INTERESTING TRIAL AND I WILL BE VICTORIOUS WITH OUT A DOUBT , AS I HAVEN'T STOLEN FROM THEM LIKE THEY HAVE FROM ME AND I DID NOT GO TO WHERE THEY LIVE AND STAND OVER THEIR BED TALKING SHIT ABOUT THEM NOT BEING THIS OR THAT LIKE A JEALOUS , THIRSTY GROUP OF "KARENS" WHO LOVE BLACK D#CK BUT HATE BLACK WOMEN!  

CLAIM OF COERSION - FRAUD AND ABUSE OF MY FREE WILL- BY THE WITCH COVEN WHOM HAVE BEEN ALLOWED TO COME TO WHERE I SHOULD BE ABLE TO EXERCISE MY FREE WILL - WHICH IS PRIVACY IN MY OWN BEDROOM/BED AND MY BATHROOM- THESE BAD ACTORS ARE LITTERALLY- "HELLBENT" ON ABUSING ME AS AN "EARTH-ANGEL AND AS A SPIRITUALIST - THESE WITCHES HAVE MADE ME THEIR PERSONAL TARGET AND HAVE ABUSED THEIR ACCESS TO COME WITH-IN CLOSE PROXIMITY OF WHERE I LIVE , THEY COME TO DESTROY MY 1ST AMENDMENT RIGHT TO ASSOCIATION AND ASSEMBLY AS I HAVE ON ALL OCCASIONS LET THESE DEMONIC INTITIES KNOW THAT I WILL I NO WAY EVER SELL MY SOUL TO THE DEVIL - AND I HAVE ALSO DENIED THEM ACCESS TO MY GOOD -ENERGY - THEY HAVE TRIED TO DO BACK-DOOR FALSE CONTRACTS TO TRY AND GET ME INTO A NEGATIVE FRAUDULENT CONTRACT WHICH I WOULD "NEVER -EVER DO" I AM NOT FOR SALE -,Y GOOD -ENERGY IS NOT FOR SALE FOR LEASE OR AVAILABLE FOR YOU TO COME AND TRY TO STEAL WHILE I AM AWAKE OR WHILE I AM IN MY DREAM STATE! I HAVE DENOUNCED YOUR WICKEDNESS ON NUMEROUS OCCASIONS, YOU  AND I HAVE "NOTHING" IN COMMON AND IN FACT I FIND YOU ALL REPULSIVELY AND EXTREMELY VISCIOUS AND NON-CREDIBLE I WOULD NEVER , EVEN IN MY WORSE DAY BE SEEN ASSOCIATING WITH OR WORKING IN CONNECTION WITH ANY OF YOU ! YOU HAVE STOLEN MY MONEY HAVE TRIED TO DENY ME MY RIGHT TO MY  PERSONAL  FREE -WILL TO CHOOSE AS I BELIEVE AND FEEL IS RIGHT FOR ME , AND YOU ARE HERE AND FOREVER PUT ON NOTICE THAT YOU AND I -(OR ANYONE ASSOCIATED WITH YOUR GROUP OF DARK DEMONIC DEVILISH WORKS - WE HAVE NOTHING IN COMMON AND I WILL NEVER ACCEPT YOU AS IN MY CIRCLE OF FRIENDS FAMILY CO-WORKERS ETC WE ARE NOT THE SAME , DO NOT COME TO WHERE I LIVE OR EVEN FROM WHEREEVER YOU HAPPEN TO BE AND TRY AND CAST YOUR UGLY EVIL DARK DEMONIC SPELLS ON ME OR MY LIFE AND MY FAMILY I REBUKE EACH AND EVERY ATTEMPT BY THE ENEMY WHO HAD BEEN SO EAGERLY ATTEMPTING  TO TRY AND USE AND ABUSE MY FREE WILL - AND MY FREE WILL SAYS THAT YOU ARE ALL OUT ! THERE FOR I REBUKE , BREAK AND CONDEMN ANY PRIOR FRAUDULENT ATTEMPTS TO GET ME INTO ANY FORM OF ASSOCIATION. CONTRACT , DECREE, MARRIAGE COVINENT OR AGREEMENT WE HAVE NO DEAL AND I AM OFFICIALLY PLACING YOU ALL ON NOTICE THAT YOU HAVE VIOLATED MY RIGHT AND MY FREE WILL FOR THE LAST -DAMN TIME - STAY FAR AWAY FROM ME AND DO NOT EVER COME MY WAY AND TRY AND DO YOUR EVIL DEVILISH SPELLS TO TRY AND HARM ME OR PREVENT ME FROM LIVING A LIFE THAT WAS MEANT FOR ME TO LIVE , THIS IS MY LIFE NOT YOURS I HAVE NOT ASKED FOR ANY OF YOU TO ASSIST ME NOR WOULD I EVER ASK ANY OF YOU AS I FIND YOU ALL EXTREMELY OFFENSIVE , DEPLORABLE , DEEPLY DEMONIC AND VILE . WE HAVE NOTHING TO DISCUSS IN THIS MATTER I AM NOT OF THE WORLD THAT YOU ARE ALL IN - I HAVE BEEN SET APART FROM ALL OF YOU DO NOT BRING YOUR ASSES BACK TO WHERE I AM SUPPOSED TO BE ABLE TO REST AND HAVE PRIVACY , YOUR DARK VILE AGENT HAS ALREADY COMITTED A CRIME BY STANDING OVER MY NAKED BODY WHILE I WAS BATHING IN MY BATHTUB - THIS BAD AGENT THEN TOOK FOOTAGE OF ME WITHOUT MY CONSENT AND THEN POSTED THEM FOR THE PUBLIC TO VIEW IN AN ATTEMPT TO PROFIT AND TO INVADE MY RIGHT AS A WOMAN TO HER OWN DIGNITY AND MODDESTY - THIS WAS A CRIME AGAINST ME THAT YOU WILL BE LIABLE FOR CREATING A REMEDY - ALSO I HAVE NOT GIVEN YOU MY CONSENT TO DISCHARGE ANY DEBT THAT IS NOT MINE OR ANYONE ELSE'S AS I DO NOT SUPPORT ANY OF YOUR BAD BEHAVIOR BY LENDING THE DEVIL ANY OF MY GIFTS OR MY CHARITY - WE HAVE NO DEAL . WE HAVE NO AGREEMENTS NOTHING ! LEAVE ME ALONE AND DO NOT ATTEMPT TO TELL MORE LIES OR TO HAVE ME FIGHT YOUR BATTLES! YOU WILL NOT BE ABLE TO STEAL MY IDENTITY MY WEALTH MY ENERGY OR MY MATE AS YOU DID WHEN YOU DESTROYED A GREAT MAN OF GOD AND SOMEHOW THROUGH YOUR DECEPTIVE WITCH-CRAFT PERSUADED HIM  TO SELL HIS SOUL AND MARRY A DEVIL WITH A SPIRIT THAT HAS DESTORTED HERSELF TO RESEMBLE ME , BY STEALING MY GOOD ENERGY AND ACTING AS IF SHE WERE OF THE LIGHT -THIS WOMAN AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WAS DONE BY DECEPTION AND IS IN FACT BASED ON FRAUD - AGAIN WE HAVE NO CONTRACT SO YOU ARE ALL LIABLE FOR ANY OF THE DEBT THAT YOU ALL THROUGH YOUR CONSTANT DECEPTIVE USE OF WITHCRAFT IS IN FACT YOUR OWN DEBT AND NOT MINE -I HAVE NO DEAL OR DEBTS WITH ANY OF YOU OR YOUR DARK DOINGS -BE GONE FROM MY GOOD LIGHT , BE GONE FROM MY GOOD ENERGY - YOU ARE ALL ON NOTICE AND WE HAVE NO DEAL , NO CONTRACT OR ASSOCIATION !  NO DEAL YOU ARE A LIAR -DEVIL ! LEAVE ME OUT OF YOUR EVIL THOUGHT'S DOINGS OR CONSPIRICIES I AM NOT THE ONE !! I REBUKE YOU SATAN- WE ARE NOT A MATCH AND MY LIFE HAS MORE MEANING -YOU WILL BE ARRESTED AND PROSECUTED FOR FORGING MY SIGNATURE AND STEALING MY INHERITANCE ! THIEVES THERE IS NO HONOR AMOUNG ANY OF YOU ! BE GONE ALREADY -ACCESS IS DENIED ! 

M.A  A HUMBLE - SERVANT OF THE MOST HIGH GOD -  STANDING IN MY FREE WILL !  

ABUSIVE MIS-TREATMENT BY THE SLAYERS AND THEIVES !

THERE HAS BEEN AN ORGANIZED EFFORT TO OBSTRUCT AND CONCEAL LEGAL INFORMATION AND MY DUE PROCESS HAS BEEN VIOLATED REPEATEDLY BY THESE GREEDY THIEVES WHO ARE SO HELLBENT ON STEALING MY BIRTHRIGHT, BLOCKING MY ACCESS TO EVEN BE NOTIFIED ABOUT THE PASSING OF LOVED ONE'S OR THE COVER -UP OF THE EVENT'S THAT LEAD TO THESE DEATHS ! july 2021 ?  THESE DOG'S LURK OVER ME 24/7 ATTEMPTING TO OBSTRUCT MY ACCESS BOTH ONLINE AND VIA THE US POSTAL SERVICE AS THEY HAVE BEEN GIVEN ACCESS TO KEYS TO MY MAIL AND WHEN THEY DID NOT HAVE IT THEY WOULD BRIBE OTHERS TO GET ACCESS - I AM PUTTING THIS COMMUNITY ON NOTICE THAT I WILL NOT CONTINUE TO REMAIN SILENT ABOUT THE NUMEROUS VIOLATIONS AND ABUSES THAT HAVE BEEN LEVERAGED AGAINST ME IN AN ATTEMPT TO PREVENT ME FROM GAINING ANY OF THE MONATARY GIFTS OR ANY OTHER GIFTS WHICH WERE RIGHTFULLY MINE AND INSTEAD THIS CITY MOUNTED IN COLLUSION TO STEAL EVERYTHING AND THEN LIE -AS IF  THEY HAD NOT COMMITTED A CRIME OF INHERITANCE FRAUD OF AN ELDERLY DISABLED VERURABLE BLK -WOMAN ! I WILL GET THE JUSTICE THAT I SEEK IN THIS CASE AND I WILL BE COMPENSATED FOR ALL OF THE ILLICIT ATTACKS AND VIOLATIONS AGAINST ME BY THIS CITY THIS CENTRAL DISTRICT  COMMINITY AND THOSE WHO CHOSE TO INGNORE MY CRIES FOR PROTECTION YET WERE ALSO PROFITTING OFF OF MY PAIN AND SUFFERING !  #SHAMEONYOU 

This group really thought they were victorious trying to block you & now...


THIS IS THE BEST EXAMPLE OF THE EXTREMELY ABSORD ABUSIVE RACIALLY -MOTIVATED ABUSES THAT I HAVE BEEN TARGETED AT ME - WITH ME BEING THE LITTLE GIRL IN THIS EXAMPLE -

 THERE IS A HUGE RACIAL HATRED IN THIS CITY AND A CONDONING OF THEFT OF ONE'S RIGHTFUL INHERITANCE -AND DENIAL OF ONE'S BIRTHRIGHT -IN EXCHANGE OF ATTEMPTING TO ASSIST AND ALLOW A COMPLETE FRAUD AND A GOLD-DIGGING CON, WHO ALSO HAD A WITCH -COVEN , SECRET SOCIETY , SPD, COURT EMPLOYEES BANKS ETC CONSPIRE WITH HER TO FLEECE ME OF WHAT WAS RIGHTFULLY MINE IN THE FIRST-PLACE, THESE MONSTERS HAVE MADE MY LIFE A LIVING HELL AND HAVE CONTINUALLY AND  BRAZENLY INTERUPTED MY LIFE AND LIED UNDER OATH MAKING FALSE CLAIMS TO OPPRESS ME AND TO KEEP ME LOCKED IN PROVERTY WHERE I WAS NEVER MEANT TO BE IN THE FIRST PLACE !! SHAME ON ALL WHO ARE INVOLVED AND SHAME ON YOU FOR ALSO OBSTRUCTING MY ACCESS TO BEING NOTIFIED OF THE COURT PROCEEDINGS AND FORGING MY SIGNATURE, STEALING MY FUNDS , HIRING HIT-MEN  atleast 6 attempts TO KILL ME , PLACING ME UP AS A SACRAFICE, AND TAKING OUT A LIFE INSURANCE POLICY AND THEN EVEN HAVING A FUNERAL IN MY NAME TO DEFRAUD THE INSURANCE INDUSTRY-   YOU ALL DESERVE EVERYTHING THAT YOU ARE DUE WHEN IT COMES TO PROSECUTION !!!!!!! #GUILTY   #EXTREMISM #LOCKthemAllup

Shared from NY Times :Surveillance capitalists control the science and the scientists, the secrets and the truth. REPOST Dec 16, 2021 4:24 AM

 Opinion

You Are Now Remotely Controlled


Financial or Property Exploitation repost - from > Dec 16, 2022 4:24 AM

https://www.justice.gov/elderjustice/prosecutors/statutes

I HAVE HAD MY INHERITANCE STOLEN AND HAVE BEEN DEPRIVED OF MY PROPERTY BY A GROUP OF ORGANIZED THIEVES WHO OUT-RIGHT REFUSE TO GIVE ME BACK WHAT IS RIGHTFULLY  MINE ! AS A 60 YR OLD DISABLED WOMAN I DEMAND THAT MY PROPERTY AND MY MONEY BE RETURNED IMEDIATELY ! (I WAS ALSO SEVERELY -ABUSED BY THE SAME THEIVES WHO CAME AND STOOD OVER MY BEDROOM DOING SPELLS TO INTENTIONALLY CAUSE HARM TO ME -TO SILENCE ME AND TRY TO KILL PS.....There is NO Remorse- in fact they are attempting to hide my inheritance money to intentionally keep me stuck in poverty and to have access to come and continue to come to my apt. complex to cause me continual pain and suffering. These acts and all of these evil- bad-actors and their attorneys do not feel the need to have to follow the law in this case - an intentional dereliction of their duty  which is against the LAW -RIGHT NOW THERE ARE CRIMINALS  STANDING OVER ME IN  WHAT SHOULD BE THE PRIVACY OF MY OWN BEDROOM AND MY BED SO DESPERATE TO ESCAPE JUDGEMENT FOR  THE WILLFUL AND ORGANIZED THEFT  OF A VUNERABLE DISABLED AND ELDERLY WOMAN'S INHERITANCE ! 

Civil Financial Exploitation
§ 192.2400 R.S.Mo. (2022)

TITLE 8. PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARECHAPTER 192. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND SENIOR SERVICESADULT DAY CARE PROGRAMS
Protective Services for Adults
192.2400. Definitions            

(1) “Abuse”, the infliction of physical, sexual, or emotional injury or harm including financial exploitation by any person, firm, or corporation and bullying;



(6) “Eligible adult”, a person sixty years of age or older who is unable to protect his or her own interests or adequately perform or obtain services which are necessary to meet his or her essential human needs or an adult with a disability, as defined in section 192.2005, between the ages of eighteen and fifty-nine who is unable to protect his or her own interests or adequately perform or obtain services which are necessary to meet his or her essential human needs;

Criminal Financial Exploitation
11 Del. C. § 1105(a), (c) & (f) (2022)

Title 11. Crimes and Criminal Procedure
Part 1. Delaware Criminal Code
Chapter 5. Specific Offenses
Subchapter V. Offenses Relating to Children and Vulnerable Adults
Subpart A. Child Welfare; Sexual Offenses
§ 1105. Crimes against a vulnerable adult
(a) Any person who commits, or attempts to commit, any of the crimes or offenses set forth in subsection (f) of this section against a person who is a vulnerable adult is guilty of a crime against a vulnerable adult.
(f) The following shall be underlying offenses for the purposes of this section:
Title 11:
§ 601 Offensive touching
§ 602(a) Menacing
§ 602(b) Aggravated Menacing
§ 603 Reckless endangering in the second degree
§ 604 Reckless endangering in the first degree
§ 605 Abuse of a pregnant female in the second degree
§ 606 Abuse of a pregnant female in the first degree
§ 611 Assault in the third degree
§ 612 Assault in the second degree
§ 621 Terroristic threatening
§ 622 Hoax device
§ 625 Unlawfully administering drugs
§ 626 Unlawfully administering controlled substance or counterfeit substance or narcotic drugs
§ 645 Promoting suicide
§ 763 Sexual harassment
§ 764 Indecent exposure in the second degree
§ 766 Incest
§ 767 Unlawful sexual contact in the third degree
§ 769 Unlawful sexual contact in the first degree
§ 770 Rape in the fourth degree
§ 774 Sexual extortion
§ 780 Female genital mutilation
§ 781 Unlawful imprisonment in the second degree
§ 782 Unlawful imprisonment in the first degree
§ 783 Kidnapping in the second degree
§ 791 Acts constituting coercion
§ 811 Criminal mischief
§ 825 Burglary in the second degree
§ 831 Robbery in the second degree
§ 835 Carjacking in the second degree
§ 841 Theft, except paragraph (c)(3)b
§ 841A Theft of a motor vehicle
§ 842 Theft; lost or mislaid property
§ 843 Theft; false pretense
§ 844 Theft; false promise
§ 846 Extortion
§ 848 Misapplication of property
§ 853 Unauthorized use of a vehicle
§ 854 Identity theft
§ 861 Forgery
§ 903 Unlawful use of payment card
§ 909 Securing execution of documents by deception
§ 914 Use of consumer identification information
§ 916 Home improvement fraud
§ 917 New home construction fraud, except paragraph (d)(3)
§ 1001 Bigamy
§ 1311 Harassment
§ 1312 Stalking, except paragraphs (d)(1) and (d)(2)
§ 1335 Violation of privacy
§ 1339 Adulteration
§ 1451 Theft of a firearm
Title 6:
§ 73-604 Securities fraud.
(c) “Vulnerable adult” means a person 18 years of age or older who, by reason of isolation, sickness, debilitation, mental illness or physical, mental or cognitive disability, is easily susceptible to abuse, neglect, mistreatment, intimidation, manipulation, coercion or exploitation. Without limitation, the term “vulnerable adult” includes any adult for whom a guardian or the person or property has been appointed.




CitationStatute
Civil Financial Exploitation
10 G.C.A. § 21002. (2022)

Title 10. Health and Safety.
Division 1. Public Health
Chapter 2. Division of Public Welfare.
Article 10. Adult Protective Services
§ 21002. Definitions.

(l) Financial or Property Exploitation means illegal or improper use of an elderly or adult with a disability's money, property, or other resources for monetary or personal benefit, profit or gain. This includes, but is not limited to, theft, misappropriation, concealment, misuse or fraudulent deprivation of money or property belonging to the elderly or adult with a disability.



(b) Adult with a Disability is any person eighteen (18) years or older who:
(1) has a physical or mental impairment which substantially limits one (1) or more major life activities; or
(2) has a history of, or has been classified as having, an impairment which substantially limits one (1) or more major life activities.

(h) Elderly refers to a person age sixty (60) years or older.

Civil Financial Exploitation
22 M.R.S. § 3472 (2022) 

TITLE 22.  HEALTH AND WELFARE 
SUBTITLE 3.  INCOME SUPPLEMENTATION 
PART 2.  AGED, BLIND, DISABLED OR MEDICALLY INDIGENT PERSONS 
CHAPTER 958-A.  ADULT PROTECTIVE SERVICES ACT 
SUBCHAPTER 1.  GENERAL PROVISIONS
§ 3472.  Definitions

9. Exploitation. “Exploitation” means the illegal or improper use of an incapacitated or dependent adult or that adult's resources for another's profit or advantage.



2. Adult. “Adult” means any person who has attained 18 years of age or who is a legally emancipated minor.

6. Dependent adult. “Dependent adult” means an adult who has a physical or mental condition that substantially impairs the adult's ability to adequately provide for that adult's daily needs. “Dependent adult” includes, but is not limited to, any of the following:
A. A resident of a nursing home licensed or required to be licensed under section 1817;
B. A resident of a facility providing assisted living services licensed or required to be licensed pursuant to section 7801;
C. A person considered a dependent person under Title 17–A, section 555; or
D. A person, regardless of where that person resides, who is wholly or partially dependent upon one or more other persons for care or support, either emotional or physical, because the person suffers from a significant limitation in mobility, vision, hearing or emotional or mental functioning.

10. Incapacitated adult. “Incapacitated adult” means an adult who is unable to receive and evaluate information or make or communicate informed decisions to such an extent that the adult lacks the ability to meet essential requirements for physical health, safety or self-care, even with reasonably available appropriate technological assistance.

Civil Financial Exploitation
31 Del. C. § 3902(12) & (24) (2022)

TITLE 31.  WELFARE 
PART II.  WELFARE AGENCIES 
CHAPTER 39.  ADULT PROTECTIVE SERVICES
§ 3902. Definitions.

As used in this chapter:

(11) “Exploitation” means an act of forcing, compelling, or exerting undue influence over a vulnerable adult causing the vulnerable adult to act in a way that is inconsistent with relevant past behavior, or causing the vulnerable adult to perform services for the benefit of another.
(12) “Financial exploitation” means the illegal or improper use, control over, or withholding of the property, income, resources, or trust funds of the elderly person or the vulnerable adult by any person or entity for any person's or entity's profit or advantage other than for the elder person or the vulnerable adult's profit or advantage. “Financial exploitation” includes, but is not limited to:
a. The use of deception, intimidation, or undue influence by a person or entity in a position of trust and confidence with an elderly person or a vulnerable adult to obtain or use the property, income, resources, or trust funds of the elderly person or the vulnerable adult for the benefit of a person or entity other than the elderly person or the vulnerable adult;
b. The breach of a fiduciary duty, including, but not limited to, the misuse of a power of attorney, trust, or a guardianship appointment, that results in the unauthorized appropriation, sale, or transfer of the property, income, resources, or trust funds of the elderly person or the vulnerable adult for the benefit of a person or entity other than the elderly person or the vulnerable adult; and
c. Obtaining or using an elderly person or a vulnerable adult's property, income, resources, or trust funds without lawful authority, by a person or entity who knows or clearly should know that the elderly person or the vulnerable adult lacks the capacity to consent to the release or use of his or her property, income, resources, or trust funds.



(24) "Vulnerable adult" means an adult who meets the criteria set forth in § 1105c of Title 11.

Civil Financial Exploitation
320 ILCS 20/2(f-1) & (e) (2022)

CHAPTER 320.  AGING 
Act 20. Adult Protective Services Act
AN ACT IN RELATION TO ADULT PROTECTIVE SERVICES
§ 320 ILCS 20/2.  Definitions.

(f-1) “Financial exploitation” means the use of an eligible adult's resources by another to the disadvantage of that adult or the profit or advantage of a person other than that adult.



(e) “Eligible adult” means either an adult with disabilities aged 18 through 59 or a person aged 60 or older who resides in a domestic living situation and is, or is alleged to be, abused, neglected, or financially exploited by another individual or who neglects himself or herself. “Eligible adult” also includes an adult who resides in any of the facilities that are excluded from the definition of “domestic living situation” under paragraphs (1) through (9) of subsection (d), if either: (i) the alleged abuse or neglect occurs outside of the facility and not under facility supervision and the alleged abuser is a family member, caregiver, or another person who has a continuing relationship with the adult; or (ii) the alleged financial exploitation is perpetrated by a family member, caregiver, or another person who has a continuing relationship with the adult, but who is not an employee of the facility where the adult resides.

Civil Financial Exploitation
33 V.S.A. § 6902 (2022)

TITLE THIRTY-THREE.  HUMAN SERVICES 
PART 5.  PROGRAMS AND SERVICES FOR VULNERABLE ADULTS 
CHAPTER 69.  REPORTS OF ABUSE, NEGLECT, AND EXPLOITATION OF VULNERABLE ADULTS 
SUBCHAPTER 1.  REPORTS OF ABUSE OF VULNERABLE ADULTS
§ 6902. Definitions

(6) “Exploitation” means:
(A) willfully using, withholding, transferring, or disposing of funds or property of a vulnerable adult without or in excess of legal authority for the wrongful profit or advantage of another;
(B) acquiring possession or control of or an interest in funds or property of a vulnerable adult through the use of undue influence, harassment, duress, or fraud;
(C) the act of forcing or compelling a vulnerable adult against his or her will to perform services for the profit or advantage of another;
(D) any sexual activity with a vulnerable adult when the vulnerable adult does not consent or when the actor knows or should know that the vulnerable adult is incapable of resisting or declining consent to the sexual activity due to age or disability or due to fear of retribution or hardship, whether or not the actor has actual knowledge of vulnerable status.



(14) “Vulnerable adult” means any person 18 years of age or older who:
(A) is a resident of a facility required to be licensed under chapter 71 of this title;
(B) is a resident of a psychiatric hospital or a psychiatric unit of a hospital;
(C) has been receiving personal care services for more than one month from a home health agency certified by the Vermont Department of Health or from a person or organization that offers, provides, or arranges for personal care; or
(D) regardless of residence or whether any type of service is received, is impaired due to brain damage, infirmities of aging, mental condition, or physical, psychiatric, or developmental disability:
(i) that results in some impairment of the individual's ability to provide for his or her own care without assistance, including the provision of food, shelter, clothing, health care, supervision, or management of finances; or
(ii) because of the disability or infirmity, the individual has an impaired ability to protect himself or herself from abuse, neglect, or exploitation.

Civil Financial Exploitation
34 V.I.C. § 452. Definitions (2022)

Title 34. Welfare.
Chapter 15. The Elder and Dependent Adult Abuse Prevention Act
§ 452. Definitions
The following terms have the meaning set forth in this chapter, unless the context requires otherwise-
(c) ‘Abuse of an elder or dependent adult‘ means any of the following:

(1) Physical, emotional or financial abuse, neglect, abandonment, isolation, abduction, or other treatment resulting in physical or emotional injury, maltreatment, sexual conduct with an elder or dependent adult, or exploitation of an elder or dependent adult by any person; or
(2) The deprivation by a care custodian of goods or services that are necessary to avoid physical or emotional injury; or
(3) Use of a physical or chemical restraint or psychotropic medication under any of the following conditions:
(A) For punishment;
(B) For a period beyond that for which the medication was ordered pursuant to the instructions of a physician or surgeon licensed in the Virgin Islands, who is providing medical care to the elder or dependent adult at the time the instructions are given; or
(C) For any purpose not authorized by a physician or surgeon.



(j) ‘Dependent adult‘ means any person between the ages of 18 to 59 who has physical or mental limitations that restrict the person's ability to carry out normal activities or to protect a persons' rights.

Civil Financial Exploitation
35 P.S. § 10225.103 (2022)

PENNSYLVANIA STATUTES  
TITLE 35.  HEALTH AND SAFETY 
CHAPTER 58.  OLDER ADULTS PROTECTIVE SERVICES ACT 
CHAPTER 1.  PRELIMINARY PROVISIONS
35 P.S. § 10225.103 (2013)
§ 10225.103.  Definitions

“Exploitation.” An act or course of conduct by a caretaker or other person against an older adult or an older adult's resources, without the informed consent of the older adult or with consent obtained through misrepresentation, coercion or threats of force, that results in monetary, personal or other benefit, gain or profit for the perpetrator or monetary or personal loss to the older adult.



“Older adult.” A person within the jurisdiction of the Commonwealth who is 60 years of age or older.
“Older adult in need of protective services.” An incapacitated older adult who is unable to perform or obtain services that are necessary to maintain physical or mental health, for whom there is no responsible caretaker and who is at imminent risk of danger to his person or property.

Civil Financial Exploitation
52-3-803, MCA (2022)

TITLE 52.  FAMILY SERVICES 
CHAPTER 3.  ADULT SERVICES 
PART 8.  MONTANA ELDER AND PERSONS WITH DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES ABUSE PREVENTION ACT
52-3-803.  Definitions.

(3) “Exploitation” means:
(a) the unreasonable use of an older person or a person with a developmental disability or of a power of attorney, conservatorship, or guardianship with regard to an older person or a person with a developmental disability in order to obtain control of or to divert to the advantage of another the ownership, use, benefit, or possession of or interest in the person's money, assets, or property by means of deception, duress, menace, fraud, undue influence, or intimidation with the intent or result of permanently depriving the older person or person with a developmental disability of the ownership, use, benefit, or possession of or interest in the person's money, assets, or property;
(b) an act taken by a person who has the trust and confidence of an older person or a person with a developmental disability to obtain control of or to divert to the advantage of another the ownership, use, benefit, or possession of or interest in the person's money, assets, or property by means of deception, duress, menace, fraud, undue influence, or intimidation with the intent or result of permanently depriving the older person or person with a developmental disability of the ownership, use, benefit, or possession of or interest in the person's money, assets, or property;
(c) the unreasonable use of an older person or a person with a developmental disability or of a power of attorney, conservatorship, or guardianship with regard to an older person or a person with a developmental disability done in the course of an offer or sale of insurance or securities in order to obtain control of or to divert to the advantage of another the ownership, use, benefit, or possession of the person's money, assets, or property by means of deception, duress, menace, fraud, undue influence, or intimidation with the intent or result of permanently depriving the older person or person with a developmental disability of the ownership, use, benefit, or possession of the person's money, assets, or property.



(8) “Older person” means a person who is at least 60 years of age.

(9) “Person with a developmental disability” means a person 18 years of age or older who has a developmental disability, as defined in 53-20-102.

Civil Financial Exploitation
8 L.P.R.A. § 342 Definitions (2022)

Title 8. Public Welfare and Charitable Institutions.
§ 342 Definitions

The following terms shall have the meaning stated herein below:
(e) Financial exploitation.- The improper use of an adult's funds, property or resources by another individual including, but not limited to, fraud, false pretenses, embezzlement, conspiracy, forgery, falsifying records, coercion, property transfers or denying them access to their wealth.



(p) Elderly person.- A person who is sixty (60) years of age or older.

Civil Financial Exploitation
Burns Ind. Code Ann. § 35-46-1-12 (2022)

Burns Ind. Code Ann. § 12-10-3-2  (2022)

Title 35  Criminal Law and Procedure 
Article 46  Miscellaneous Offenses 
Chapter 1  Offenses Against the Family
35-46-1-12 Exploitation of dependent or endangered adult; financial exploitation of endangered adult; violation classification

"financial exploitation" (b) A person who recklessly uses or exerts control over the personal services or the property of:
(1) an endangered adult; or
(2) a dependent;
for the person's own profit or advantage or for the profit or advantage of another person, but not for the profit or advantage of a person described in subdivision (1) or (2), commits exploitation of a dependent or an endangered adult, a Class A misdemeanor. However, the offense is a Level 6 felony if the person has a prior unrelated conviction under this section.
(c) A person in a position of trust who recklessly engages in self-dealing with the property of:
(1) an endangered adult; or
(2) a dependent;
commits exploitation of a dependent or an endangered adult, a Class A misdemeanor. However, the offense is a Level 6 felony if the person has a prior unrelated conviction under this section.



Title 12  Human Services 
Article 10  Aging Services 
Chapter 3  Adult Protective Services
12-10-3-2 “Endangered adult”  

Sec. 2. (a) Except as provided in subsection (b), as used in this chapter,
endangered adult” means an individual who is:
(1) at least eighteen (18) years of age;
(2) incapable by reason of mental illness, intellectual disability, dementia, habitual drunkenness, excessive use of drugs, or other physical or mental incapacity of managing or directing the management of the individual's property or providing or directing the provision of self-care; and
(3) harmed or threatened with harm as a result of:
(A) neglect;
(B) a battery offense included in IC 35-42-2; or
(C) exploitation of the individual's personal services or property.
(b) For purposes of IC 12-10-3-17, IC 35-42-2-1, IC 35-42-2-1.3, and IC 35-46-1-13, “endangered adult” means an individual who is:
(1) at least eighteen (18) years of age;
(2) incapable by reason of mental illness, intellectual disability, dementia, or other physical or mental incapacity of managing or directing the management of the individual's property or providing or directing the provision of self-care; and
(3) harmed or threatened with harm as a result of:
(A) neglect; or
(B) battery.

Civil Financial Exploitation
C.R.S. 26-3.1-101(4) & (1.5) (2022)

TITLE 26 Human Services Code

ARTICLE 3.1. PROTECTIVE SERVICES FOR ADULTS AT RISK OF MISTREATMENT OR SELF-NEGLECT 

PART 1. PROTECTIVE SERVICES FOR AT-RISK ADULTS
26-3.1-101. Definitions.

(4) “Exploitation” means an act or omission that:
(a) Uses deception, harassment, intimidation, or undue influence to permanently or temporarily deprive an at-risk adult of the use, benefit, or possession of any thing of value; or
(b) Employs the services of a third party for the profit or advantage of the person or another person to the detriment of the at-risk adult; or
(c) Forces, compels, coerces, or entices an at-risk adult to perform services for the profit or advantage of the person or another person against the will of the at-risk adult; or
(d) Misuses the property of an at-risk adult in a manner that adversely affects the at-risk adult's ability to receive health care or health care benefits or to pay bills for basic needs or obligations.



(1.5) “At-risk adult” means an individual eighteen years of age or older who is susceptible to mistreatment or self-neglect because the individual is unable to perform or obtain services necessary for his or her health, safety, or welfare, or lacks sufficient understanding or capacity to make or communicate responsible decisions concerning his or her person or affairs.

Civil Financial Exploitation
Cal Wel & Inst Code § 15610.30 &  § 15610.23 (2022)

WELFARE AND INSTITUTIONS CODE 
Division 9.  Public Social Services 
Part 3.  Aid and Medical Assistance 
Chapter 11.  Elder Abuse and Dependent Adult Civil Protection Act 
Article 2.  Definitions
§ 15610.30.  Financial abuse

(a) “Financial abuse” of an elder or dependent adult occurs when a person or entity does any of the following:
(1) Takes, secretes, appropriates, obtains, or retains real or personal property of an elder or dependent adult for a wrongful use or with intent to defraud, or both.
(2) Assists in taking, secreting, appropriating, obtaining, or retaining real or personal property of an elder or dependent adult for a wrongful use or with intent to defraud, or both.
(3) Takes, secretes, appropriates, obtains, or retains, or assists in taking, secreting, appropriating, obtaining, or retaining, real or personal property of an elder or dependent adult by undue influence, as defined in Section 15610.70.
(b) A person or entity shall be deemed to have taken, secreted, appropriated, obtained, or retained property for a wrongful use if, among other things, the person or entity takes, secretes, appropriates, obtains, or retains the property and the person or entity knew or should have known that this conduct is likely to be harmful to the elder or dependent adult.
(c) For purposes of this section, a person or entity takes, secretes, appropriates, obtains, or retains real or personal property when an elder or dependent adult is deprived of any property right, including by means of an agreement, donative transfer, or testamentary bequest, regardless of whether the property is held directly or by a representative of an elder or dependent adult.
(d) For purposes of this section, “representative” means a person or entity that is either of the following:
(1) A conservator, trustee, or other representative of the estate of an elder or dependent adult.
(2) An attorney-in-fact of an elder or dependent adult who acts within the authority of the power of attorney.



§ 15610.23  Dependent Adult

(a) “Dependent adult” means a person, regardless of whether the person lives independently, between the ages of 18 and 64 years who resides in this state and who has physical or mental limitations that restrict his or her ability to carry out normal activities or to protect his or her rights, including, but not limited to, persons who have physical or developmental disabilities, or whose physical or mental abilities have diminished because of age.

(b) “Dependent adult” includes any person between the ages of 18 and 64 years who is admitted as an inpatient to a 24-hour health facility, as defined in Sections 1250, 1250.2, and 1250.3 of the Health and Safety Code.

Civil Financial Exploitation
Code of Ak. § 47-24-900(8) & (21) (2022)

TITLE 47 Welfare, Social Services, and Institutions

CHAPTER 24 Protection of Vulnerable Adults

§  47-24-900. Definitions.

In this chapter,

(8) “Exploitation

(A) means unjust or improper use of another person or another person's resources for one's own profit or advantage, with or without the person's consent; and
(B) includes acts by a person who stands in a position of trust or confidence with a vulnerable adult or who knows or should know that the vulnerable adult lacks the capacity to consent that involve obtaining profit or advantage through undue influence, deception, fraud, intimidation, or breach of fiduciary duty; in this subparagraph, “fraud” has the meaning given in AS 13.26.595(1) and (2);



(21) “Vulnerable adult” means a person 18 years of age or older who, because of incapacity, mental illness, mental deficiency, physical illness or disability, advanced age, chronic use of drugs, chronic intoxication, fraud, confinement, or disappearance, is unable to meet the person's own needs or to seek help without assistance.

Civil Financial Exploitation
Code of Ala. § 38-9-2(8) & (18) (2022)

TITLE 38 Public Welfare

CHAPTER 9 Protection of Aged Adults And Adults With A Disability

§ 38-9-2. Definitions.

For the purposes of this chapter, the following terms shall have the following meanings:

(8) Exploitation. — The expenditure, diminution, or use of the property, assets, or resources of a protected person without the express voluntary consent of that person or his or her legally authorized representative or the admission of or provision of care to a protected person who needs to be in the care of a licensed hospital by an unlicensed hospital after a court order obtained by the State Board of Health has directed closure of the unlicensed hospital. For the purpose of this section and Sections 38-9-6 and 38-9-7, the term “unlicensed hospital” shall have the meaning ascribed to it in Section 22-21-33, and the term “licensed hospital” shall have the meaning ascribed to it in Section 22-21-20.



(18) Protected person. — Any person over 18 years of age subject to protection under this chapter or any person, including, but not limited to, persons with a neurodegenerative disease, persons with intellectual disabilities and developmental disabilities, or any person over 18 years of age that is mentally or physically incapable of adequately caring for himself or herself and his or her interests without serious consequences to himself or herself or others.

Civil Financial Exploitation
Code of Ari. § 46-4-471(3) & (2) (2022)

TITLE 46 Welfare

CHAPTER 4 Adult Protective Services

Article 2. Financial Exploitation

§  46-4-471.  Definitions.

In this article, unless the context otherwise requires:

(3) “Financial exploitation” means either of the following:
(a) The wrongful or unauthorized taking, withholding, appropriating or use of money, assets or property of an eligible adult.
(b) Any act or omission taken by a person, including through the use of a power of attorney, guardianship or conservatorship of an eligible adult, to either:
(i) Obtain control through deception, intimidation or undue influence over the eligible adult's money, assets or property to deprive the eligible adult of the ownership, use, benefit or possession of the eligible adult's money, assets or property.
(ii) Convert money, assets or property of the eligible adult to deprive the eligible adult of the ownership, use, benefit or possession of the eligible adult's money, assets or property.



(2) “Eligible adult” means either of the following:
(a) A person who is sixty-five years of age or older.
(b) A person who is a vulnerable adult.

Civil Financial Exploitation
Code of Ark. §9-20-103(7) & (6) (2022)

TITLE 9. Family Law

Subtitle 2. Domestic Relations   

CHAPTER 20. Adult Maltreatment Custody Act

§ 9–20–103. Definitions.

As used in this chapter:

(7) “Exploitation” means the:
(A) Illegal or unauthorized use or management of an endangered person's or an impaired person's funds, assets, or property;
(B) Use of an adult endangered person's or an adult impaired person's power of attorney or guardianship for the profit or advantage of one's own self or another;
(C) Fraudulent or otherwise illegal, unauthorized, or improper act or process of an individual, including a caregiver or fiduciary, that uses the resources of an endangered or an impaired person or long-term care facility resident for monetary or personal benefit, profit, or gain or that results in depriving the person or resident of rightful access to or use of benefits, resources, belongings, or assets; or
(D) Misappropriation of property of a long-term care facility resident



(6) “Endangered adult” means:
(A) An adult eighteen (18) years of age or older who:
(i) Is found to be in a situation or condition that poses a danger to himself or herself; and
(ii) Demonstrates a lack of capacity to comprehend the nature and consequences of remaining in that situation or condition; or
(B) An adult resident of a long-term care facility who:
(i) Is found to be in a situation or condition that poses an imminent risk of death or serious bodily harm to that person; and
(ii) Demonstrates a lack of capacity to comprehend the nature and consequences of remaining in that situation or condition;

Civil Financial Exploitation
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 17b-450(7) & (1) (2022)

TITLE 17b  Social Services 
CHAPTER 319dd  Protective Services for the Elderly
SECTION 17b-450. Definitions 

For purposes of sections 17b-450 to 17b-461, inclusive:

(7) The term “exploitation” refers to the act or process of taking advantage of an elderly person by another person or caregiver whether for monetary, personal or other benefit, gain or profit.



(1) The term “elderly person” means any resident of Connecticut who is sixty years of age or older.

Civil Financial Exploitation
D.C. Code § 7-1901 (8) (2022) & D.C. Code  § 22-3201(3) & (4) (2022)

Division 1. Government of District

TITLE 7 Human Health Care and Safety

Subtitle 1. Protection and Care Systems    

CHAPTER 19 Adult Protective Services

When used in this chapter, the following terms shall have the meanings ascribed by this section:

(8) “Exploitation” means the unlawful appropriation or use of another's “property,” defined in § 22-3201, for one's own benefit or that of a 3rd person.
(F) A government-issued license, permit, or benefit.



(3) “Property” means anything of value. The term “property” includes, but is not limited to:
(A) Real property, including things growing on, affixed to, or found on land;
(B) Tangible or intangible personal property;
(C) Services;
(D) Credit;
(E) Debt; and

(4) “Property of another” means any property in which a government or a person other than the accused has an interest which the accused is not privileged to interfere with or infringe upon without consent, regardless of whether the accused also has an interest in that property. The term “property of another” includes the property of a corporation or other legal entity established pursuant to an interstate compact. The term “property of another” does not include any property in the possession of the accused as to which any other person has only a security interest.

Civil Financial Exploitation
Fla. Stat. § 415.102(8a) & (28) (2022)

TITLE XXX.  SOCIAL WELFARE (Chs. 409-430) 
CHAPTER 415.  ADULT PROTECTIVE SERVICES
§ 415.102.  Definitions of terms used in ss. 415.101-415.113

(8)(a) “Exploitation” means a person who:
1. Stands in a position of trust and confidence with a vulnerable adult and knowingly, by deception or intimidation, obtains or uses, or endeavors to obtain or use, a vulnerable adult's funds, assets, or property with the intent to temporarily or permanently deprive a vulnerable adult of the use, benefit, or possession of the funds, assets, or property for the benefit of someone other than the vulnerable adult; or
2. Knows or should know that the vulnerable adult lacks the capacity to consent, and obtains or uses, or endeavors to obtain or use, the vulnerable adult's funds, assets, or property with the intent to temporarily or permanently deprive the vulnerable adult of the use, benefit, or possession of the funds, assets, or property for the benefit of someone other than the vulnerable adult.
(b) “Exploitation” may include, but is not limited to:
1. Breaches of fiduciary relationships, such as the misuse of a power of attorney or the abuse of guardianship duties, resulting in the unauthorized appropriation, sale, or transfer of property;
2. Unauthorized taking of personal assets;
3. Misappropriation, misuse, or transfer of moneys belonging to a vulnerable adult from a personal or joint account; or
4. Intentional or negligent failure to effectively use a vulnerable adult's income and assets for the necessities required for that person's support and maintenance.



(28) “Vulnerable adult” means a person 18 years of age or older whose ability to perform the normal activities of daily living or to provide for his or her own care or protection is impaired due to a mental, emotional, sensory, long-term physical, or developmental disability or dysfunction, or brain damage, or the infirmities of aging.

Civil Financial Exploitation
HRS § 346-222 (2022)

DIVISION 1.  GOVERNMENT 
TITLE 20  Social Services 
CHAPTER 346  Department of Human Services 
PART X.  Adult Protective Services
§ 346-222.  Definitions.

For the purposes of this part:

Financial exploitation” means the wrongful taking, withholding, appropriation, or use of a vulnerable adult's money, real property, or personal property, including but not limited to:
(1) The breach of a fiduciary duty, such as the misuse of a power of attorney or the misuse of guardianship privileges, resulting in the unauthorized appropriation, sale, or transfer of property;
(2) The unauthorized taking of personal assets;
(3) The misappropriation or misuse of moneys belonging to the vulnerable adult from a personal or joint account; or
(4) The failure to effectively use a vulnerable adult's income and assets for the necessities required for the vulnerable adult's support and maintenance, by a person with a duty to expend income and assets on behalf of the vulnerable adult for such purposes.
Financial exploitation may be accomplished through coercion, manipulation, threats, intimidation, misrepresentation, or exertion of undue influence.



Vulnerable adult” means a person eighteen years of age or older who, because of mental, developmental, or physical impairment, is unable to:
(1) Communicate or make responsible decisions to manage the person's own care or resources;
(2) Carry out or arrange for essential activities of daily living; or
(3) Protect oneself from abuse, as defined in this part.

Civil Financial Exploitation
Idaho Code § 39-5302(6) & (2022)

GENERAL LAWS 
TITLE 39.  HEALTH AND SAFETY 
CHAPTER 53.  ADULT ABUSE, NEGLECT AND EXPLOITATION ACT
§ 39-5302. Definitions.

For the purposes of this chapter:

(6) “Exploitation” means an action that may include, but is not limited to, the unjust or improper use of a vulnerable adult's financial power of attorney, funds, property, or resources by another person for profit or advantage.



(10) “Vulnerable adult” means a person eighteen (18) years of age or older who is unable to protect himself from abuse, neglect or exploitation due to physical or mental impairment that affects the person's judgment or behavior to the extent that he lacks sufficient understanding or capacity to make or communicate or implement decisions regarding his person.

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